COSMETOLOGY DICTIONARY

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Outer shell of the body, very elastic, highly sensitive to touch and temperature changes. Its main function is to protect the interior of the body from all those agents that may injure it. It consists of three layers: Epidermis, Dermis, Hypodermis.

Stratum corneum: Final result of all the activity of the epidermal cells. It is thicker on the palms and soles and thinner on the face. Dead cells are removed from the surface of the skin and are replaced by new cells, which come from germ cells located in the basal layer of the epidermis. Protects our body from sunlight, temperature, humidity, pollution, etc. Its smooth or rough appearance depends on the water content present in it. The optimal level of skin hydration is 13%, while below 10%, we are at the critical threshold. Langerhans cells are located under the horny layer and protect it from foreign substances that try to penetrate through it.

Granular layer: It is the second layer of the epidermis, so called because the cells have keratin granules.

Spiny stratum: It is composed of cells without the ability to multiply. It gets its name from the spine-like cell margins.

Germinal or basal layer: It is the deepest layer of the epidermis. It is made up of cells with the ability to multiply and move up the other layers of the epidermis.

Connective tissue layer located under the epidermis. In it are blood vessels, nerve endings and sweat glands. In this layer are the fibroblasts that are the main cells where collagen, elastin and hyaluronic acid are produced.

Collagen: Forms a strong network in the dermis that keeps the skin in its normal position. Young skin is rich in this element and with age it loses collagen, producing signs of aging.

Elastin: Component of the connective tissue that provides elasticity and tonicity to the skin and that deteriorates over the years. In cosmetics, collagen, elastin and hyaluronic acid have traditionally been used to temporarily mask the aging of the skin. Currently the new concept of Cellular Regeneration for the skin offers visible and permanent results, due to the formation of new cells that produce collagen, elastin, and hyaluronic acid. It also rejuvenates the skin at the epidermis and hypodermis level.

It is the deepest layer of the skin and is made up of subcutaneous cellular tissue. It contains thicker blood vessels and adipose tissue separated by fibrous septa that divide the fat into lobes.

Inescapable and irreversible physiological phenomenon whose cellular process we start at birth. At the cutaneous level, aging is considered when a skin is thin, without tone, dry, stained, wrinkled and has lost elasticity.

There are numerous theories to try to explain this phenomenon: depletion of genetic capital, mutations in the DNA chain, etc. However, it is important to remember that one of the factors that accelerate such aging is prolonged and repeated exposure to UVA / UVB rays, hence, the systematic application of highly protective sunscreen creams is the rule for anyone who wants to maintain the youth of your skin for as long as possible.

Deoxyribonucleic acid. It is present in the nucleus of cells and conditions the synthesis of proteins (collagen and elastin). In cosmetics, DNA from wheat is preferably used instead of sperm from salmon, which is allergenic. It is produced by state-of-the-art biotechnology and is used in the treatment of aging skin, due to its great capacity to retain water and its potential for cell regeneration.

Also known as orange peel, it is the modification suffered in the connective tissue, due to the accumulation of fat and fluid.

Redness of the skin caused by excessive dilation of the blood vessels. It is most visible on the nose and cheeks. It is accentuated by the heat.

They are substances used in the production of cosmetics due to their great capacity to retain water. Its active principle is made up of softening substances such as oils and waxes. They hydrate the skin, soften and reduce inflamed tissue.

It is the sun protection index with which a skin can be exposed to the sun without burning. The higher the number, the greater the protection of the product. The sunscreen is a molecule that absorbs or reflects certain types of solar rays and reduces the amount of UVA and UVB rays that reach the skin cells.

It is the product that does not produce allergic reactions on the skin, after having verified and passed a series of dermatological tests.

They belong to Nanotechnology and are hollow microscopic capsules that contain active principles inside. They penetrate deeply into the skin and, as they have a structure similar to that of cell membranes, it allows them to fuse with them and release the active principles they carry within them.

Procedure to remove dead skin cells, through the use of natural, chemical and manual products.

Very reactive unstable molecules that destroy collagen, elastin, proteins, hyaluronic acid and phospholipids in the cell membrane, altering their structure and function. They are largely responsible for skin aging and are generated by oxidation reactions and sun exposure. Antioxidants are used in cosmetics, especially vitamin E and flavonoids.

Electromagnetic radiation produced by the sun that has beneficial effects by transforming vitamin D and allowing the absorption of calcium, especially useful in the growth of children. In humans, exposure to ultraviolet radiation of wavelengths less than 310 nm can cause burns and can lead to skin cancer. The current weakening of the ozone layer aggravates its damaging effects, so it is advisable to protect the skin with a high factor sunscreen and the use of glasses and a hat.

It is a cereal with an important protein value, it contains lecithin and essential amino acids. It emulsifies cholesterol and is recommended in cases of arteriosclerosis, hypertension and coronary disorders. Lecithin is used in cosmetology as an adjunct in the cell regeneration process.

They are organic substances essential for life and are found in legumes, vegetables and fruits.